In counselling, transference refers to the emotions, feelings, and thoughts that a client projects onto the therapist, often based on their past experiences and relationships. This can result in the client developing a positive or negative relationship with the therapist, as if the therapist were the person in the client's mind. For example, a student who has lost their father may project their feelings onto their class teacher and behave as if the teacher were their father.
Counter-transference, on the other hand, occurs when the therapist assumes the role of a significant person in the client's life. This can also be based on the therapist's past experiences and relationships, and can lead to the therapist experiencing emotions and feelings similar to those of the client. In the example above, the therapist may feel as if they are taking on the role of the student's father.
It is important for therapists to be aware of the possibility of counter-transference, as it can affect the therapeutic relationship and progress of the session. However, there may be times when the therapist is not immediately aware of their own counter-transference.
When a therapist becomes aware of counter-transference, they should take steps to maintain the therapeutic relationship and continue the session in a productive manner. Firstly, the therapist should acknowledge and admit to themselves that they are experiencing counter-transference, and should not immediately switch into therapist mode. They can instead ease into the conversation with the client by using certain phrases or questions such as "Do you feel like your father was speaking to you just now?" or "I noticed I was speaking like your father for a moment there."
As the session progresses, the therapist should gradually reduce the influence of the projected person and increase their own role as the therapist. If the therapist feels that they need more time to manage their counter-transference, they can arrange another session in which they can refresh their approach and move away from the emotional impact of the previous session.
In conclusion, transference and counter-transference are common emotional processes in counselling that can affect the therapeutic relationship and progress of the session. However, with self-awareness and a proactive approach, therapists can successfully navigate these issues and provide effective counselling to their clients.
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